Amakuru

Gukomeza kuzamura imashini zitunganya inyama ningwate yingenzi yiterambere ryinganda zinyama. Mu myaka ya za 1980 rwagati, icyahoze ari Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi cyatangiye gutumiza mu Burayi ibikoresho byo gutunganya inyama mu rwego rwo kuzamura ikoranabuhanga ryimbitse ry’igihugu cyanjye.

Hamwe niterambere ryinganda zikora ibiryo byinyama, umubare wogutunganya inyama byiyongera, kandi ninganda nshya zitunganya inyama nazo ziragaragara. Izi nganda zikeneye gushora ibikoresho byinshi byo gutunganya. Byongeye kandi, umubare munini wibikoresho byamahanga byaguzwe mu myaka ya za 1980 na 1990 byabaye impitagihe kandi bigomba kuvugururwa. Kubwibyo, icyifuzo cyimashini zitunganya inyama kumasoko yimbere izakomeza kwiyongera. Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho nyamukuru bikoreshwa ninganda 50 zambere zitunganya inyama zo murugo zose zitumizwa mu mahanga. Hamwe nogutezimbere ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa mu nganda zikora imashini zikora inyama zo mu gihugu, ibyo bigo bizagenda buhoro buhoro bikoresha imashini zinyama zo mu rugo, kandi ibyo bakeneye ni byinshi. . Ku rundi ruhande, umubare munini w’ibikoresho byatumijwe mu mahanga ni umutwaro uremereye ku masosiyete atunganya inyama. Kuberako ishoramari mumitungo itimukanwa ari rinini cyane, bizagira ingaruka cyane kubiciro byibikomoka ku nyama, bigatuma inganda zidahiganwa kugurisha. Habayeho inganda nyinshi zo murugo zinjije ibikoresho bihenze cyane, ariko kubera ko zidashobora kubinogora, inganda zaramanutse zirahagarara. Bamwe mu bakora inganda ziracyakora nabo nta nyungu namba bafite kubera igiciro kinini cyo guta agaciro k'umutungo utimukanwa. Mubyukuri, amasosiyete atunganya inyama ntabwo byanze bikunze ashaka gutumiza ibikoresho hanze. Niba ibicuruzwa bitangwa ninganda zacu zitunganya inyama zishobora kugera kurwego rumwe mumahanga, ndizera ko byanze bikunze bazashyira imbere kugura mubushinwa.

Imashini zitunganya inyama z’i Burayi nizo zateye imbere ku isi, ariko hamwe no gushimira amayero no kuzamura urwego mpuzamahanga rwa "Made in China", abacuruzi benshi b’abanyamahanga batangiye gushishikazwa n’ibikoresho by’igihugu cyacu. Nubwo ibikoresho byacu byo gutunganya inyama bidateye imbere, birashobora gukurura abacuruzi benshi baturuka mubihugu bidateye imbere kubera imikorere myiza nubwiza bwayo, nigiciro cyayo gito. Ntabwo byanze bikunze ibicuruzwa byacu byinjira kumasoko mpuzamahanga. Tugomba kandi kwibutsa inganda zanjye gutunganya inganda n’inganda ko duhagarariye "Made in China", kandi ntabwo dushinzwe uruganda gusa, ahubwo tunashinzwe igihugu. Ibyinshi mubicuruzwa byacu byamamaye nabi mumahanga. Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko inganda zo mu gihugu zagabanije ibiciro n’inganda zidahwitse, amaherezo bikangiza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu nganda zose. Mu myaka ibiri ishize, abacuruzi benshi b’abanyamahanga baguze ibikoresho byo gutunganya inyama mu gihugu cyanjye, kandi umubare w’abakora imashini z’inyama zoherezwa mu gihugu cyanjye nazo zagiye ziyongera buhoro buhoro.

Urebye inyuma yiterambere ryimashini zitunganya inyama, ibyagezweho biratangaje. Inganda zigera kuri 200 mu gihugu cyanjye zirashobora gutanga umusaruro urenga 90% y’ibikoresho byo gutunganya inyama, bikubiyemo imirima hafi ya yose itunganya nko kubaga, gukata, ibikomoka ku nyama, gutegura ibiryo, no kuyikoresha mu buryo bwuzuye, kandi ibikoresho byakozwe byatangiye kwegera ibicuruzwa bisa n’amahanga. . Kurugero: imashini ikata, imashini itera amazi yumunyu, imashini ya vacuum, imashini ikomeza gupakira vacuum, imashini ikaranze, nibindi. Ibi bikoresho byagize uruhare runini mubikorwa byinyama mubushinwa, biteza imbere iterambere ryinganda zinyama. Usibye kugurisha imbere mu gihugu, ibigo byinshi byatangiye kwagura amasoko yo hanze kandi buhoro buhoro bihuza n’ibipimo mpuzamahanga. Ariko, ntidushobora kwirara gusa kuberako ibikoresho byacu bimaze gukoreshwa cyangwa bimwe mubikoresho byacu byoherejwe hanze. Mubyukuri, ibicuruzwa byacu biracyari kure yurwego rwo hejuru muburayi no muri Amerika. Ibi nibyo uruganda rutunganya imashini zitunganya inyama zikeneye gukosora. Ukuri.