Amakuru

Ubwiherero buri mu itsinda ry’ibice byihariye bisabwa bidasanzwe mu bikorwa remezo, gukurikirana ibidukikije, ubushobozi bw’abakozi n’isuku.Umwanditsi: Dr. Patricia Sitek, nyiri CRK
Kwiyongera k'umugabane wibidukikije bigenzurwa mu nzego zose zinganda bitera ibibazo bishya kubakozi bashinzwe umusaruro bityo bisaba ubuyobozi gushyira mubikorwa amahame mashya.
Amakuru atandukanye yerekana ko hejuru ya 80% yibibazo bya mikorobe hamwe n’isuku irenze ivu biterwa no kuba abakozi bakora mu isuku. Mubyukuri, kuribwa, gusimbuza no gukoresha ibikoresho nibikoresho bishobora kuvamo kurekura uduce twinshi, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho kwimura ibinyabuzima biva hejuru yuruhu nibikoresho mubidukikije. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho nkibikoresho, ibikoresho byoza ibikoresho nibikoresho byo gupakira bigira uruhare runini mumikorere yubwiherero.
Kubera ko abantu ari bo soko nini yanduza mu bwiherero, ni ngombwa kubaza uburyo bwo kugabanya neza ikwirakwizwa ry’ibice bizima n’ibidafite ubuzima kugira ngo byuzuze ibisabwa na ISO 14644 igihe bimurira abantu mu bwiherero.
Gukoresha imyenda idasanzwe birinda ikwirakwizwa ryibice na mikorobe biva hejuru yumubiri wumukozi mukarere gakorerwa.
Ikintu cyingenzi mu gukumira ikwirakwizwa ry’umwanda mu isuku ni uguhitamo imyenda y’isuku ihuye n’isuku. Muri iki gitabo, tuzibanda ku myenda ishobora gukoreshwa ijyanye n’amasomo ya ISO 8 / D na ISO 7 / C, dusobanura ibisabwa ku bikoresho, guhumeka neza no gushushanya bidasanzwe.
Ariko, mbere yuko tureba ibisabwa byimyambaro yisuku, tuzaganira muri make ibisabwa byibanze kubakozi bo mu isuku rya ISO8 / D na ISO7 / C.
Icya mbere, kugirango hirindwe neza umwanda winjira mucyumba gisukuye, hagomba gutegurwa SOP irambuye (uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora) kandi igashyirwa mubikorwa muri buri cyumba gisukuye, isobanura amahame shingiro yimikorere yubwiherero mumuryango. Ibikorwa nkibi bigomba kwandikwa, gushyirwa mubikorwa, gusobanuka no gukurikizwa mururimi kavukire. Icyangombwa kimwe mugutegura akazi ni amahugurwa akwiye yabantu bashinzwe gukorera ibikorwa mukarere kagenzuwe, kimwe nibisabwa gukora ibizamini byubuvuzi bikwiye, hitabwa ku ngaruka zagaragaye ku kazi. Kugenzura bisanzwe ku isuku y'amaboko y'abakozi, gupima indwara zandura, ndetse no kwisuzumisha amenyo buri gihe ni bike mu "byishimo" bitegereje abatangiye gukorera mu bwiherero.
Inzira yo kwinjira mubwiherero ibaho binyuze muri vestibule, yateguwe kandi ifite ibikoresho kuburyo bwo kwirinda kwanduzanya, cyane cyane muburyo bwumuntu winjira. Ukurikije ubwoko bwibikorwa, dushyira mubyiciro cyangwa twongeramo ibyuma bya aerodinamike mubyumba bisukuye dukurikije amasomo yisuku.
Nubwo ISO 14644 isanzwe ishyiraho ibyifuzo byoroheje byamasomo yisuku ya ISO 8 na ISO 7, urwego rwo kurwanya umwanda ruracyari hejuru. Ni ukubera ko imipaka igabanya ibintu byangiza na mikorobe yanduye ari ndende cyane kandi biroroshye gutanga igitekerezo cyuko duhora tugenzura umwanda. Niyo mpamvu guhitamo imyenda ikwiye kumurimo ari igice cyingenzi muri gahunda yawe yo kurwanya umwanda, wujuje ibyateganijwe ntabwo ari muburyo bwo guhumurizwa gusa, ahubwo no mubwubatsi, ibintu bifatika no guhumeka.
Gukoresha imyenda idasanzwe birinda ikwirakwizwa ry'uturemangingo na mikorobe biva mu mubiri w'abakozi mu turere dukikije umusaruro. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mugukora imyenda yisuku ni polyester. Ibi biterwa nuko ibikoresho bifite imbaraga nyinshi zo kurwanya ivumbi kandi icyarimwe bigahumeka rwose. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko polyester ari ibikoresho bizwi mu rwego rwo hejuru rw’isuku rya ISO ukurikije ibisabwa na protocole ya Fraunhofer Institute CSM (Cleanroom Suitable Materials) protocole.
Fibre ya karubone ikoreshwa nk'inyongera mu myenda ya polyester isukura kugirango itange ubundi buryo bwo kurwanya antistatike. Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa muburyo butarenze 1% yububiko rusange bwibikoresho.
Birashimishije ko guhitamo ibara ryimyambaro ukurikije icyiciro cyisuku, nubwo bidashobora kugira ingaruka zitaziguye mugukurikirana umwanda, bituma habaho imyitwarire yumurimo no gukurikirana ibikorwa byabakozi mukarere k’isuku.
Dukurikije ISO 14644-5: 2016, imyenda y'isuku ntigomba gufata imitego gusa mu mubiri w'umukozi, ahubwo ni ngombwa, guhumeka, kumererwa neza no kutavunika.
ISO 14644 Igice cya 5 (Umugereka B) gitanga ibyifuzo byukuri kumikorere, guhitamo, ibintu bifatika, bikwiranye no kurangiza, ihumure ryumuriro, gukaraba no gukama, nibisabwa kubika imyenda.
Muri iki gitabo, tuzabagezaho ubwoko bwimyenda isanzwe yisuku yujuje ibisabwa na ISO 14644-5.
Ni ngombwa ko imyenda yo mu rwego rwa ISO 8 (bakunze kwita “pajama”), nk'ikositimu cyangwa ikanzu, bikozwe muri polyester hiyongereyeho fibre karubone. Imyenda ikoreshwa mu kurinda umutwe irashobora gutabwa, ariko akenshi igabanya imikorere yayo bitewe no kwangirika kwimashini. Noneho ugomba gutekereza kubifuniko bikoreshwa.
Igice cyingenzi cyimyenda ni inkweto, nkimyenda, igomba kuba ikozwe mubikoresho birwanya imashini kandi birwanya irekurwa ryangiza. Ubusanzwe ni reberi cyangwa ibikoresho bisa byujuje ibisabwa na ISO 14644.
Ntakibazo, niba isesengura ryibyago ryerekana ko uturindantoki twirinda twambara nyuma yuburyo bwo guhinduranya kugirango hagabanuke ikwirakwizwa ry’imyanda iva mu mubiri w’umukozi ikagera aho ikorerwa.
Nyuma yo kuyikoresha, imyenda yongeye gukoreshwa yoherezwa kumesa isukuye aho yozwa kandi ikumishwa mubihe bya ISO icyiciro cya 5.
Nyuma yo guhagarika imyenda ntibisabwa kubera amasomo ya ISO 8 na ISO 7 - imyenda irapakirwa kandi ikoherezwa uyikoresha akimara gukama.
Imyenda ikoreshwa ntishobora gukaraba no gukama, igomba rero kujugunywa kandi umuryango ugomba kugira politiki y’imyanda.
Imyenda ikoreshwa irashobora gukoreshwa muminsi 1-5, ukurikije ibyashyizweho muri gahunda yo kurwanya umwanda nyuma yo gusesengura ingaruka. Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko igihe ntarengwa imyambaro ishobora gukoreshwa neza ntigomba kurenga, cyane cyane ahantu hashobora gukenerwa kurwanya mikorobi.
Guhitamo neza imyenda yapimwe ISO 8 na ISO 7 birashobora guhagarika neza kwanduza kwanduza imashini na mikorobi. Icyakora, kubwibyo birakenewe gukora isesengura ry’ingaruka z’umusaruro, gushyiraho gahunda yo kurwanya umwanda no gushyira mu bikorwa ubwo buryo binyuze mu mahugurwa akwiye y’abakozi, hashingiwe ku bisabwa na ISO 14644.
Ndetse ibikoresho byiza hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryiza ntabwo bizakorwa neza keretse iyo umuryango washyizeho uburyo bwo guhugura imbere n’imbere kugirango habeho urwego rukwiye rwo gukangurira no kubazwa ibyubahirizwa muri gahunda yo kurwanya umwanda.
Uru rubuga rubika amakuru nka kuki kumikorere yurubuga, harimo gusesengura no kwimenyekanisha. Ukoresheje uru rubuga, uhita wemera gukoresha kuki.